中国地方鸡品种生态系统多样性及其对生产性能的影响

Ecological System Diversity of Chinese Indigenous Chicken Breeds and Its Impact on Production Performance

为研究中国地方鸡品种生态系统多样性及其对生产性能的影响,采集了110个中国地方鸡的品种所在地的生态类型(包括寒温带、中温带、暖温带、高原气候区、亚热带、热带)、生态因素(平均海拔、年均气温、年均降水量、年均日照时数、无霜期)以及这些品种鸡的各种生产繁殖性能相关数据进行统计分析。结果表明:暖温带的成年鸡体重极显著高于亚热带(P<0.01),显著高于高原气候区(P<0.05);高原气候区的成年母鸡屠宰率显著低于寒温带、暖温带(P<0.05),极显著低于热带、亚热带(P<0.01);暖温带的蛋重极显著高于亚热带、热带(P<0.01)。成年鸡体重体尺、屠宰率以及繁殖性能大体趋势均与平均海拔、年均日照时数、无霜期呈极显著相关。

The data of ecological types （including the Cool temperate zone, Middle temperate zone, Warm temperate zone, Plateau climate zone, Subtropical zone, Tropical zone）, the ecological factors （in- cluding the average height above sea level, annual average temperature, average annual rainfall, average annual sunshine hours and frost-free season） and production performances of 110 Chinese indigenous chick- en breeds were collected and analyzed in order to study the effects of ecological system on production per- formance. The results showed that the body weight of adult chicken in warm temperate zone was signifi- cantly higher than that in subtropical zone （P〈0.01） and plateau climate zone （P〈0.05）. The slaughter rate of adult hens in plateau climate zone was significantly lower than that in cool and warm temperate zone （P〈0.05）, and tropical and subtropical zone （P〈0.01）. The body weight, body size, the slaughter rate and the reproductive performances was significantly correlated to the average height above sea level, the annual average-sunshine time and the frost-free season （P〈0.01）.