新疆农村地区维吾尔族人群高脂血症知识和态度及行为干预效果评价

Evaluation of the Effect of Intervention on Knowledge,Attitudes and Behaviors about Hyperlipidemia of Uygur in the Rural Area of Xinjiang

目的通过对新疆农村地区维吾尔族人群开展高脂血症健康教育干预活动,了解其高脂血症知识、态度和行为的现状,并评价高脂血症的干预效果。方法采用现场人群试验和整群随机抽样的方法,2009年随机抽取新疆喀什伽师县江巴孜乡12个自然村18岁及以上的维吾尔族常住居民,随机分为6个干预组村和6个对照组村,对干预组村实施连续3年的高脂血症健康教育干预活动。干预前后分别调查高脂血症知识、态度和行为水平及得分情况。结果基线干预组2 185人,基线对照组1 577人,结局干预组1 113人,结局对照组1 059人。基线干预组与基线对照组12项高脂血症知识知晓率、7项高脂血症态度信念形成率、7项高脂血症行为形成率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);结局干预组与结局对照组精神紧张易患高脂血症的知晓率、规律生活可防高脂血症的信念形成率、控制体质量行为的形成率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他11项高脂血症知识知晓率、6项高脂血症态度信念形成率、6项高脂血症行为形成率结局干预组均高于结局对照组(P<0.05)。基线干预组与基线对照组高脂血症知识、态度、行为及总得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);结局干预组较结局对照组高脂血症知识得分〔(1.85±2.24)分与(0.54±1.14)分〕、态度〔(1.95±1.64)分与(0.47±0.91)分〕、行为〔(0.35±0.78)分与(0.16±0.52)分〕及总得分〔(4.15±3.89)分与(1.18±2.00)分〕均升高(P<0.05)。结论新疆农村地区维吾尔族人群的高脂血症知识、态度和行为水平极低,持续有效的高脂血症健康教育可以提高其高脂血症的知识、态度和行为水平。

Objective To understand the status quo of the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of hyperlipidemia, and to evaluate the effect of the intervention by carrying out the health education intervention activities among Uygur resi- dents. Methods Using the method of the in - situ test of crowd and cluster random samplings in Uygur residents aged 18 years and over from twelve villages of Jiangbazi township of Kashi in Xinjiang, and the villagers were randomly divided into 6 interven- tion group villages and 6 control group villages. Health education intervention activities were conducted in the intervention villages for three years in a row. The knowledge, attitude, behaviors and scores were investigated before and after the intervention respec- tively. Results The numbers of people of the baseline intervention group, the baseline control group, the ending intervention group, the ending control group were 2 185, 1 577, 1 113 and 1 059 respectively. The levels of 12 hyperlipidemia related knowl- edge, seven hyperlipidemia related attitude belief formation rate and seven hyperlipidemia related behavior formation rate between the baseline intervention group and the baseline control group showed no statistically significant difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; The awareness of the nervousness leading to hyperlipidemia, the belief formation rate of a regular life preventing hyperlipidemia and the behavior formation rate of weight control between the ending intervention group and the ending control group showed no statisti- cally significant difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; The other 11 hyperlipemia knowledge awareness, six hyperlipidemia attitude belief for- mation rate, six hyperlipidemia behavior formation rate of the ending intervention group were higher than the ending control group （ P 〈 0. 05） . The knowledge, attitude, behavior and total score about hyperlipemia between the baseline intervention group and baseline control group showed no statistically significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ） . The scores of knowledge [ （ 1.85 ± 2. 24 ） vs. （0.54±1.14）], attitude [ （1.95±1.64） vs. （0.47±0.91）], behavior [ （0.35±0.78） vs. （0.16 ±0.52）] and total score [ （4. 15 ±3.89） vs. （ 1.18 ±2. 00） ] were significantly higher in the ending intervention group compared with the ending control group （ P 〈 0.05 ） . Conclusion The levels of hyperlipidemia related knowledge, attitude and behaviors are very low a- mong Uygur in the rural area of Xinjiang. Sustained and effective health education can increase the levels of the hyperlipidemia re- lated knowledge, attitude and behaviors.