自噬与肿瘤耐受的关系

Autophagy and Tumor Cells's Tolerance

肿瘤是机体在各种致癌因素作用下,局部组织的某一个细胞在基因水平上失去对其生长的正常调控,导致其克隆性异常增生而形成的新生物。目前化疗和放疗是其治疗的重要手段,但一直以来,耐受性的产生成为肿瘤治疗的主要障碍。自噬是一种进化保守的溶酶体依赖的自身降解途径,越来越多的证据表明肿瘤的耐受性与自噬有关:放疗和化疗可以诱导保护性自噬的产生,帮助肿瘤细胞逃避凋亡途径。其机制可能与PI3KAkt-mTOR通路、Beclin 1、ATP、p53等有关,深入了解自噬与肿瘤耐受性之间的调控不仅为克服肿瘤细胞耐受性提供了靶点,也为自噬与凋亡关系的研究提供了线索。

The tumor is an abnormal proliferation neoplasma, which lose the normal growth regulation at the genetic level under a variety of carcinogenic factors. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main treatments now, but the resistance to tumor therapy has become a main obstacle to cancer treatment. Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation system which is dependent on lysosome pathway. More and more evi- dence indicates that autophagy is related with the tumor tolerance , and radiation and chemotherapy can in- duce protective autophagy, which helps tumor cells evade apoptotic pathways. The tolerant mechanisms may be related with PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, Beclin 1, ATP, p53, etc. Understanding the mechanism of au- tophagy and tumor tolerance may not only helps to find target for overcoming tumor tolerance, but also pro- vides clues for investigating the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis.