安徽省艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人生活质量及其相关因素研究

Study on quality of life and related factors among AIDS patients who received ART service in Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人的生活质量及其相关因素。方法分层整群抽取安徽省部分市及县区重点乡镇的801例艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人进行横断面研究。在现有信息收集的基础上,采用健康调查量表(SF-36)和自行设计的调查表收集相关信息。运用非条件Logistic回归分析影响生活质量的相关因素。结果研究对象平均年龄为(44.5±10.9)岁;177人(22.1%)来自南部地区,中部地区155人(19.4%),北部地区469人(58.6%);现有资料中,经既往有偿单采血浆感染389人(48.6%),经性传播感染361人(45.1%),经其他途径感染51人(6.4%)。艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人生活质量各维度得分均低于全国常模(均有P<0.05)。最近1次随访有副反应(OR=5.062)、年龄大(≥50岁,OR=5.782)和最近1次随访WHO分期高(Ⅲ期及以上,OR=2.163)是生活质量的危险因素,而个人年收入高(≥5 000元,OR=0.381)、饮酒(OR=0.452)和社会支持得分高(OR=0.507)是保护性因素。结论安徽省艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人与一般人群相比生活质量水平较低,年龄较大、有副反应和WHO分期高是影响艾滋病抗病毒治疗病人生活质量的主要不利因素。

Objective To explore the quality of life （QOL） and related factors among AIDS patients who received antiretroviral therapy （ART） service in Anhui province. Methods A total of 801 AIDS patients on ART were selected by cluster sampling method from some cities and key villages in this cross-sectional study. In addition to the existing data, short form 36-item health survey and specifically designed questionnaire were used to collect information. Results The av- erage age of 801 participants was （44. 5 ± 10. 9） years old. 177 （22. 1% ） were from the southern area of Anhui province, 155 （ 19.4% ） were from the central, and 469 （58.6%） were from the northern. 389（48.6% ） of the infected individuals had the history of paid plasma donation, while 361 （45.1% ） were through sex. The average time on ART was （5.2 ± 3.2 ） years. Compared with the normal, the AIDS patients had lower scores in all 8 SF-36 fields. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the elderly （≥50 years, OR = 5. 782）, side effects（ OR = 5. 062） and higher WHO stage（ stage Ⅲ and a- bove, OR =2. 163） were the risk factors for QOL. While high per capita income （≥5 000 yuan,OR =0. 381 ） , drinking （ OR = 0. 452 ） and high social support score （ OR = 0. 507 ） were protective factors of QOL. Conclusions Compared with the normal, the level of QOL among AIDS patients on ART is lower. Older age, side effects and higher WHO stage are the main influencing factors of QOL among AIDS patients who received ART service.