通用航空复合材料维修及适航验证的进展及探讨

PROGRESS AND DISCUSSION ABOUT REPAIR AND AIRWORTHINESS SUBSTANTIATION COMPOSITE STRUCTURE IN GENERAL AIRCRAFT

纤维树脂基复合材料结构在通用航空器中的大量应用可以带来诸多优势,但同时也伴随着在使用中出现的各种损伤类型及后期的维修难题。通用航空器复合材料维修后的适航验证与审定是保证维修有效性与符合性的关键,是保持与恢复航空器固有可靠性与安全性的合格性鉴定。本文对比了欧美航空发达国家与我国在民机复合材料应用与维修领域发展上的差异,包括技术水平状况、工程应用积累、成果形式等的基础,指出现阶段我国应前瞻性地考虑民机尤其是通用航空器复合材料应用与维修的适航验证与审定所涉及相关基础理论与关键技术,为进口运输机上复合材料的超手册维修、通用飞机及国产民机的复合材料维修的适航验证与审定做好技术储备,并获得更多的自主知识产权。

The wide application of advanced composite structures brings about a great many advantages for general aircraft. However, it also generates various kinds of damages and the later repair problems during usage. The airworthiness substantiation and appraisal after maintenance has been the key to keep the validity and compliance of repairs, and the qualification approval to maintain/restore the intrinsic availability and safety of aircraft. Based on the difference contrast of European/American and Chinese in commercial composite material application and mainte- nance field, including the technical level status, the engineering application accumulation, and achievements etc., this paper aims to point out that China should prospectively consider the basic theories and key technologies involved in airworthiness substantiation and appraisal of civil aircraft composite material application and maintenance. Works should be carried out to provide technical reservation and independent intellectual property rights for airworthiness substantiation and appraisal of composite repair for the imported commercial aircraft （ above repair manual）, general aircraft and domestic commercial aircraft.