革家人5项舌运动类型的群体遗传学研究

Anthropologic study on tongue moving types in GeJia people

调查了贵州省黄平县255例(男为133例,女为122例)革家人的卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌共5项舌运动类型.结果如下:(1)革家人卷舌基因频率R=0.295,r=0.705;叠舌基因频率F=0.874,f=0.126;翻舌基因频率T=0.562,t=0.438;尖舌基因频率P=0.259,p=0.741;三叶舌基因频率C=0.028,c=0.972.革家人卷舌出现率在性别间有显著性差异,其余4项舌运动类型的出现率性别间均无统计学意义.(2)在我国族群中,革家人卷舌率、叠舌率、尖舌率低,翻舌率低于侗族、独龙族、回族、达斡尔族,与我国多数族群接近,三叶舌率与大多数南亚类型族群、北亚类型族群差异有统计学意义.(3)革家人的翻舌率、尖舌率、三叶舌率与苗族差异不具有统计学意义,但卷舌率、叠舌率均明显小于当地苗族,且二者差异具有统计学意义.聚类分析结果显示,革家人5项舌运动类型出现率与苗族聚在一起,表明革家人遗传基础与苗族相对较接近,而与其他南方少数民族有所不同.(4)卷舌与翻舌、叠舌与尖舌彼此间存在相关,这表明卷舌基因与翻舌基因之间、叠舌基因与尖舌基因分别存在互作关系.

A sample of 255 cases of GeJia people （male 133,female 122） was investigated on 5 tongue moving types,including tongue rolling,tongue folding,tongue twisting,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue.The results as followed：（1）The Gene Frequency of tongue rolling was R =0.295,r =0.705 ; tongue folding was F =0.874,f=0.12 6 ; tongues twisting was T=0.5 6 2,t =0.4 3 8 ; pointed tongue was P =0.2 5 9,p =0.741 ; clover-leaf tongue was C=0.028,c =0.972.Signficant sexual difference was found in the frequency of rolling tongue,no significant sexual difference were found in other frequencies of 4 tongue moving types.（2）In internal population,GeJia people had the low frequencies of tongue rolling,tongue foldlling,tongue pointed.The frequency of tongue,twisting lower than Dong,DuLong,Hui,Daur,and close to almost internal population.The frequency of clover-leaf tongue,had contrast statistics significance with South Asian type and North Asian type.（3）There had no contrast statistics significance between GeJia＇s frequency of tongue twisting,pointed tongue,clover-leaf tongue and Miao＇s.The frequency of tongue rolling,tongue folding apparent lower than local Miao＇s and had contrast statistics significance.The results of cluster analysis showed that GeJia prople and Miao were similar and had the difference with other South population.（4） The tongue rolling was correlative with tongue twisting and pointed tongue.The results showed the gene of tongue rolling and tongue twisting; tongue folding and pointed tongue had interactive relations.