论公司法的性格——强行法抑或任意法?

On the Nature of Corporation Law——Is It A mandatory Law or an Enabling Law?

本文分析公司法的基本性格 ,探讨参与公司制度的各方当事人是否有选择或退出法律规范的自由。对有限公司法而言 ,原则上普通规则可以是任意性的 ,而基本规则应具有强制性 ,不得由当事人自由变更。股份公司法中的基本规则和有关权力分配的普通规则适用于管理层与股东之间利益冲突最为激烈的领域 ,原则上它们应该是强制性的 ,有关利润分配的普通规则则允许有一定的灵活性。在此基础上 ,作者对完善我国的公司法体系和结构提出了若干建议。

The thesis focuses on the basic nature of corporate law, discusses if the participants of corporate could be free to choose or “opt out” some rules of the law, probes into the relationship between the mandatory and enabling provisions of closely held and publicly held corporations. The author advocates that, at its core the law governing “common” rules in closely held corporations should be enabling and supplementary, rather than mandatory. At the periphery,however, a special type of mandatory legal rule should apply. In the case of publicly held corporations, basic rules and the common rules goverinig distribution of the powers should be mandatory, at the same time, the common rules govening the distribution of the profits could be somehow enabling. On basis of this, the author proposes some advice on the perfection of the system and the structure of China's corporate law.