不同专业背景的中小学心理健康教师工作现状对比研究

The Comparison of Mental Health Teachers' Professionalization between Teachers from Different Major Backgrounds

本研究采用北京师范大学教育心理与学校咨询研究所自编问卷对103名来自北京、吉林、河北等7省市的中小学心理健康教师的工作现状及其专业成长需求进行调查,结果发现:我国中小学心理健康教师整体的专业化水平有待提高,目前仅39.8%的教师为心理学专业背景。并且心理学背景的心理健康教师比其他专业背景的教师在很多方面存在优势:从教原因多为专业对口,且为专职;在心理健康教育工作上用的精力更多;能够采用更加丰富的课程形式;在应对困难个案时选择转介给专业的心理机构;在专业成长需求方面对团体咨询技能的需求更高。在家校合作方面,不同专业背景的心理健康教师各有擅长,心理学背景的教师更擅长通过家长讲座和家长咨询或辅导的模式,而非心理学背景的教师更擅长通过家长交流会的模式。

This study investigated the working status and developmental needs of 103 mental health teachers from 7 provinces in China. The results show that： on the whole, the professional status of school mental health teachers in our country really needs to be improved. Only 39.8% of them received professional education on psychology. The teachers with psychological background have advantages over teachers who graduated from other majors in many aspects： they always work fulltime; they can invest more efforts in mental health education; they adopt more diverse course forms; they tended to choose a more professional way to deal with difficult cases; they are more thirst for group counseling skills, however, in the aspect of family-school partnership, both two groups have their own strong points ： the teachers with psychological background were good at parenting lectures and family counseling while the other group were good at organizing parent experience-sharing meetings.