2012年美国BIT范本中劳工条款的新发展与中国对策研究——以投资利益与劳工保护平衡为视角

Recent Developments in Investment and Labor Clause of 2012 U.S. Model BIT and China's Countermeasures

当今世界,投资利益与劳工保护的冲突与协调,已成为经济全球化和国际投资自由化进程中的重大议题。作为美国BIT"示范法"的最新发展,2012年美国BIT范本对投资与劳工条款的修订不仅可能对中美BIT谈判产生重大影响,更可能通过最惠国待遇条款的"传导"效应,进而成为未来国际投资法革新的重要推动力。本文对2012年美国BIT范本中的投资与劳工条款进行深入研究,结合美国、中国以往的BIT缔约实践和国际投资争端解决实践,强调应明确BIT定位,在BIT中"有限"纳入投资与劳工问题,以期对中国更好地平衡投资利益与劳工保护有所贡献。

In the contemporary world,conflict and coordination between investors＇interests and labors＇protection have become one of the most significant issues in the process of globalization and international investment.As the recent development of the U.S.Model BIT,2012 U.S.Model BIT demonstrates changes in terms of investment and labor which may not only have substantial impacts on Sino-U.S.BIT negotiation,but also become an importance impetus for future innovation of international investment law through the MFN clause.This article,by conducting an in-depth research on investment and labor clause in2012 U.S.Model BIT and combining the U.S.BIT practice,China＇s BIT practice,as well as the international investment dispute settlement practice,suggests that China should determine her standpoint in negotiating BIT and adopt provisions related to investment and labor in order to make contributions in balancing investors＇interests and labors＇interests.