摘要
本研究总结和分析我国 24省、直辖市、自治区 1950~ 1980年间在职的 27 011名医用 X射线工作者和同期 25 782名非放射科室医务人员在 1950~ 1995年间恶性肿瘤发病资料,用回顾剂量学方法估算其累积受照剂量,并据此评价癌患风险。结果表明, X射线工作者恶性肿瘤的发病率明显高于对照组医务人员,相对危险( RR)为 1.2;危险明显增加的肿瘤是白血病、皮肤癌、女性乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌、膀胱癌和食道癌,其 RR分别为: 2.2、 4.1、 1.3、 1.2、 1.2、 1.8和 2.7。对 X射线工作者患恶性肿瘤相对危险与开始从事 X射线工作后的年限、开始从事 X射线工作时的年龄和年代、累积受照剂量进行分析表明: X射线工作者的白血病、皮肤癌、妇女乳腺癌、可能还有甲状腺癌危险的增高与职业 X射线照射有关。当累积剂量达到一定水平时,这些肿瘤的危险明显增高。
Cancer incidence(1950~ 1995) among 27 011 medical X- ray workers in comparison with 25 782 non X- ray medical specialists between 1950 and 1980 in China was investigated. The average cumulative dose received by the X- ray workers also reconstructed by retrospective dosimetry methods. Significant cancer risk was seen among medical X- ray workers(RR=1.2).Significantly elevated risks were found in leukemia, cancer of skin, female breast, lung, liver, bladder and esophagus, the RRs were 2.2,4.1,1.3,1.2,1.2,1.8 and 2.7 respectively. The patterns of cancer risk were associated with years since beginning of X- ray work, age and calendar year of initial employment and cumulative dose suggest that the risks of leukemia, skin cancer and female breast cancer, possibly thyroid cancer were related to occupational exposure to X- rays. A significant cancer risk could be induced by prolonged exposure to low dose ionizing radiation when the cumulative dose reached a certain level.
出处
《中国医学科学院学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第1期65-68,72,共5页
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
基金
日本体质研究会资助&&