QuikSCAT卫星散射计矢量风检验及南海月平均风场特征分析

Validation of QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer winds and characteristics of monthly mean wind speed in South China Sea

采用中国科学院南海海洋研究所2008年建设的,西沙海洋观测研究站上的自动气象站实测数据,对亚太数据研究中心提供的近实时QuikSCAT卫星遥感风场资料(2008年4月6日—12月31日)进行了检验和统计特征分析,得出:这两者风速的相关系数为0.86,平均偏差为-1.50 m/s,均方根误差为1.71 m/s,表明QuikSCAT卫星遥感风场资料在南海具有很高的适用性。在此基础上,利用QuikSCAT卫星遥感的月平均风场资料分析了南海月平均风场特征。结果表明:(1)南海季风10月到次年3月盛行东北风,6—8月盛行西南风,4、5、9月为季风转换季节;(2)存在两个平均风速大值中心,一个位于南海南部(10°N,108°E)附近,另一个位于台湾海峡附近,其位置和强度会随着季节变化而变动。

Comparisons are firstly made between QuikSCAT sea surface wind data of South China Sea fi＇om the Asia-Pacific Data-Research Center and surface wind observations fi＇om Xisba observation sta- tion established by institute of South China Sea Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Science during April 6-December 31, 2008. The wind speed correlation coefficient between the above two is 0. 86, the mean deviation is -1.50 m/s, and the root mean square error is 1.71 m/s, which suggests that QuikSCAT scatterometer surface wind data in South China Sea are very useful. And then, the monthly mean Quik- SCAT surface wind data are used to analyze climatic characteristics of South China Sea. The results show that the surface wind field in South China Sea has the following features ： （ 1 ） The South China Sea mon- soon changes with seasons, that is, from October to next March the northeaster prevails; from June to Au-gust, the southwester prevails, While April, May and September are transitional periods. （2）There are two average wind speed value centers： one is located near the south 108 °E, 10 °N of South China Sea, while the other near the Taiwan Strait, whose site and intensity change with seasons.