反思波兰尼《大转型》的九个命题

Reflections on Karl Polanyi's Nine Propositions: The Great Transformation Revisited

本文把卡尔·波兰尼《大转型》的主要观点归纳为九个命题,然后从经济和政治两个视角对他的主要观点进行了学术分析与批评。尽管《大转型》是一部具有重要影响力的社会科学著作,但它并不是一部逻辑严密和论证严谨的著作。波兰尼提出的很多理论命题在逻辑和论证上均存在瑕疵。波兰尼的贡献在于以其特有的方式指出了自由市场经济与工业革命的问题,但波兰尼的危险在于指引了一条经济上由于去市场化而难以实现增长与绩效、政治上由于强化的集体控制而无力捍卫个人自由的歧路。

This paper summaries what Karl Polanyi said in his book The Great Transformation as nine propositions,and then criticizes his main arguments academically from economic and political perspectives.There is no doubt that it was a social science work with great influence. However,it is easy to find serious faults with Polanyi's analytical framework. Polanyi's contribution was to indicate the problems caused by free market economy and the Industrial Revolution in his unique way,but his danger was to lead to a wrong way where the human being not only can't achieve economic growth and performance as a result of de-marketization,but also can't protect individual freedom as a result of intensified collective control.