基坑锚杆工程危险性评估准则与方法

Risk assessment criteria and method for foundation pit anchor

考虑到锚杆支护工程的隐蔽性致使危险性定量分析相对困难,结合基坑锚杆工程管理经验,从工程应用的角度,建立了基坑锚杆工程总体和工序两级危险评估准则,该评估准则主要通过对基坑锚杆工程的方案设计、工程地质、周边环境、施工工艺及施工能力4个方面危险源的详细分析,制定对应于锚杆支护工程总体和各个工序的相应分类标准,然后根据各属性之间不同类别的组合赋予相应的危险等级;最后以某实际工程进行了验证。研究结果表明:这种半定量的危险性评估方法,可以通过对照工程信息与评估准则得到相应危险等级,实现危险的动态评估和及时控制;该方法过程简单易行,结论可靠有效,实现了半定量化评估,具有一定的工程应用价值。

Taking into account the difficulty of quantitative risk assessment because of the imperceptibility of bolting project,a two-class risk assessment criteria for both the overall project and process of bolt supporting of foundation pit were proposed based on risk management experience in foundation pit anchor from engineering application point of view.In the risk assessment criteria,dangerous sources were analyzed in detail from four aspects：scheme design of foundation pit anchor,geological and hydrological conditions,surrounding environment and construction technology,process and construction capability so as to establish classifying standard for general and individual process in bolt supporting,and then corresponding risk rating was endued based on different categories among various properties.It was also applied to the engineering for verification.The results show that this method is a semi-quantitative risk assessment approach,which can obtain relevant risk rating by comparing the engineering information with the risk assessment criteria to achieve dynamic assessment and timely control of risk.Owing to its simplicity of procedure and reliability of conclusion,it is worthy of popularization and application.