32种热带植物的乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲的触杀活性

Contact toxicity of crude extracts from 32 tropical plants against Brontispa longissima

用索氏提取法对所选植物进行粗提物提取,采用浸渍法在室内测定热带地区的32种植物乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲的触杀活性,结果表明:假蒟(根)、假蒟(叶)、假蒟(茎)、白花丹(叶)、海杧果(果)乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲成虫表现出较高的触杀活性,椰心叶甲成虫校正死亡率分别为100%、100%、96.67%、70%、70%;假蒟(根)、铁芒箕(叶)、山香(叶)、山苦楝(叶)和狮子尾(叶)乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲幼虫的触杀活性较高,校正死亡率分别为100%、86.67%、68.97%、56.67%、50%.以上几种杀虫植物值得进一步深入研究,从这些热带植物中提取、分离和纯化高活性的杀虫活性成分,为开发新的椰心叶甲植物源杀虫剂奠定基础.

The Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract the bioactivities from the selected plants and the impregnation method was used to study the contact toxicity of the alcohol extracts of 32 tropical plants against Brontispa longissima in laboratory. The results showed that the alcohol extracts of Piper sarmentosum root, Piper sarmentosum leaf, Piper sarmentosum stem, Plumbago izoylanica leaf, Cerbera manghas fruit showed the higher activity against the adult of Brontispa longissima among the extracts tested. Their percentage mortality were 100%, 100%, 96.67% ,70% ,70%. The alcohol extracts of Piper sarmentosum root, Dicranopteris dichotoma leaf, Hyptis suaveolens leaf, Evodia glabrifolia leaf, Rhaphidophora hongkongensis leaf on the larvae of Brontispa longissima showed the higher activity among the extracts tested. Their percentages of mortality were 100%, 86.67%,68. 97%, 56. 67%, 50%. The insecticidal plant above deserves further research on extraction, separation and purification of insecticidal components of high activity from these tropical plants, to lay the foundation for the development of new botanical insecticides of Brontispa longissima.