氮肥和密度对两系亚种间杂交稻“两优培九”产量及产量结构的影响

Effects of Transplanting Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components for Two-line Intersubspecific Hybrid “Liangyoupeijiu”

以两优培九为试验材料 ,分析了不同氮肥用量 (纯N 0kg/hm2 、112 5kg/hm2 、2 2 5 0kg/hm2 、337 5kg/hm2 )和栽插密度 (每公顷 2 2 5× 10 4 穴、2 7 0× 10 4 穴、31 5× 10 4 穴 )对其产量及产量结构的影响。栽插密度对两优培九结实率和千粒重影响较小 ,对单位面积穗数和每穗粒数影响较大 ,且在每公顷 2 2 5× 10 4 ～ 31 5× 10 4 穴的密度范围内 ,产量差异未达显著水平 ;氮肥用量对每穗粒数影响较小 ,对穗数、结实率和千粒重影响较大 ,纯N水平为337 5kg/hm2 时 ,增穗作用不仅不显著 ,反而极显著降低结实率和千粒重。试验结果表明 :在中等肥力土壤中 ,施纯N 2 2 5 0kg/hm2 ,栽插密度每公顷在 2 7 0× 10 4 穴以内 ,高等肥力田每公顷掌握在 2 2 5× 10 4 穴左右 ,有利于协调该组合的穗数、每穗粒数、结实率和千粒重的关系 ,获得高产。

The effects of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer(0 kg/hm2,1125 kg/hm2,2250 kg/hm2 and 3375 kg/hm2) and transplanting density(225×104 hole/hm2,270×104 hole/hm2,315×104 hole/hm2)on the yield and its components for intersubspecific hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu were studied based on field experiments in 1998.Influnence of transplanting density on panicle number per unit area and grain number per panicle was higher than that on seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight.The differences among yields in the treatments with transplanting density ranging from 225×104～315×104 holes per hectare were not significant.Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on grain number per panicle was lower than that on panicle number seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight.Seeding-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight were decreased significantly in the treatment with 3375 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer.Panicle number,grain number per panicle,seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight of Liangyoupeijiu will be well coordinated to get high yield when it being transplanted at the density less than 27×104 holes per hectare and being applied with 2250 kg/hm2 nitrogen in the medium-fertility field(in high-yielding field,density should be about 225×104 holes per hectare).