中国农村信用合作社体制改革的争论

The Debate on the Reform of China's Rural Credit Cooperatives System

本文基于 2 0年农村信用合作社改革进程和当前农村金融改革的重点和难点问题 ,从合作制、农村金融体制、农村信用社组织模式、行业管理体制、业务多目标冲突、历史包袱、破产约束失灵与道德风险、政府行为等八个方面入手 ,综论改革的基本思路。本文的主要结论是 :第一 ,产权改革是关键性的 ;第二 ,农村金融建设必须坚持多样化 ,兼顾竞争和盈利 ;第三 ,规模经济是农村信用社应追求的首要经营目标 ;第四 ,要结合体制改革解决“历史包袱问题”。

Thes paper overviews the rural financial reform and the restructuring of the rural credit cooperatives in the past 20 years.Eight major aspects are discussed to introduce new ideas and a framework for the further reform.Several crucial conclusions are drawn as follows.Firstly,the property reform is essential.Secondly,the construction of rural financial system should includes multiple product supply,competition and profitability as a whole.Thirdly,economy of sacle is the first operating target that the rural credit cooperatives should pursue.Fourthly,the stock of NPL as an institutional heritage must be resolved with reform.Finally,the bankruptcy and local administrative intervention should be treated prudentially.