摘要
为了 给煤矿 沉陷耕地 的复垦治 理提供 理论依据 ，以山东 省兖州矿 区为例 ，对沉陷耕 地不同 下沉位 置不同土 层的土壤 进行了 测定和分 析， 揭示 了开采 沉陷 对耕 地 土壤 化 学特 性影 响的空 间变化规 律。结果 表明，开 采沉 陷 显著 影 响 耕地 表 层土 壤 的 化学 特 性； 沉陷 耕 地 上中 坡１ ．５ ｍ 结合 处土壤 有机质和 养分下降 的幅度 最大，并在 坡底积 聚，同 时坡 底土 壤有 盐渍 化趋 势；在土 壤化学特 性中，受 开采沉陷 影响最 大的是 土壤 盐分， 其次 是土 壤全 氮 和有 机质 ，再 次是 土壤速 效磷和 速效钾，而 土壤酸 碱性受其 影响较 小。
In order to supply the theory for harnessing subsided farmland from mining coal, taking Yanzhou mining area in Shandong Province for example, the soils of various sites and their various layers about subsided farmland are determined and analysed, and revealed the space variation law of the chemical characteristics about farmland soil due to mining subsidence. The results indicate that the chemical characteristics of the surface layer soil about subsided farmland are influenced remarkably by mining subsidence, the site of the biggest descending extent of erosion about organic matter and nutrients is the link site of the upper and middle parts, and the accumulative site of organic matter and nutrients is the bottom part which has the trend of salinization at the same time. The biggest of the chemical characteristics about farmland soil influenced by mining subsidence is the content of salt, the second are the content of whole nitrogen and organic matter, and the third are the content of quick acting phosphorus and potassium, but the acidity and basicity of the farmland soil influenced by mining subsidence is smaller.
基金
国家自然科学基金
煤炭高校优秀青年基金
兖州矿业(集团)有限责任公司联合资助
