丹顶鹤疱疹病毒在细胞内的复制及形态学特性

A STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND REPLICATIVEPROPERTIES OF THE GRUS JAPONENSISHERPESVIRUS IN CELL CULTURES

1982年从急性死亡丹顶鹤(Grus,jaPonensis)分离到的丹顶鹤疱疹病毒,在鸡胚传两代后能很好地适应于鹅胚及鹅胚原代成纤维细胞;接种鹅胚绒毛尿囊腔能致所有胚体死亡,接种鹅胚原代成纤维细胞能产生明显的病变,鹅胚细胞适应病毒在鸭胚原代成纤维细胞上也能产生相同病变,该病毒不能适应于Vero细胞,BHK21细胞,兔肾细胞和鸡胚原代成纤维细胞,抗本病毒血清可抑制病毒在易感细胞上产生细胞病变。 感染细胞的超薄切片观察表明,该病毒在胞核内复制,可形成核内包涵体,胞浆内的病毒粒子呈圆形或椭圆形,有囊膜病毒粒子大小为130～180nm;无囊膜的核衣壳或空衣壳为95～105nm,病毒核衣壳呈六角形,病毒粒子呈20面体立体对称。 病毒粗提物经1％醋酸铀负染后,完整的病毒粒子有宽厚而不规则的囊膜,有囊膜的病毒粒子直径130～200nm,无囊膜的核衣壳为六角形或近圆形,直径100nm。 根据该病毒所致细胞病变类型及病毒的形态结构。进一步证实属疱疹病毒科。

Grus japonensis herpesvirus (GJHV) was isolated from captive Japanese cranes involved in 1982 die-off. Preliminary animal susceptibility test, based on experimental infection, suggested that gosling is susceptible to GJHV,whereas chickens and ducks are refractory. The virus was adapted to the goose embryo system (GES) in which it was lethal to embryos or induced clear-cut cytopathic effect (CPE), consisting of cell rounding with some piling followed by degsneration and the formation of giant cells in goose embryo fibroblast (GEF) Culture. The GES adapted virus produced identical CPE in duck embryo fibroblast ( DEF ) .The production of CPE was specifically inhibited by anti-GJHV sera.In ultrathin sections of infected DEF, viral particles were seen intra-nuclearly and intracytoplasmically. In the cytoplasm, spherical or elliptical enveloped virions had a diameter of 130-180nm,whereas nonenveloped nucleocapsids or empty capsids had diameter of 100nm. By nagative staining, virions appeared to be cirular or irregular with a diameter of about 130-200nm, while nucleocapsids covered with spherical capsomers had a diameter of about 100nm.The virus is consistent with herpesvirus on the basis of its CPE in cell cultures and its morphological characteristics.