1Yoshifumi Kawarada,Kazuhiro Tani,Shuji Yoshimine,Ryuji Mizumoto. Blunt injury of duodenum with avulsion of papilla of vater[J] 1984,The Japanese Journal of Surgery(6):499～504
6Wolf A, Bernhardt J, Patrzyk M, et al. The value of endoscopic diagnosis and the treatment of pancreas injuries following blunt abdominal trauma [J] . Surg Endosc, 2005, 19 (5) : 665-669.
7吴阶平,裘法祖.黄家驷外科学[M].第5版.北京:人民卫生出版社.2009:1027.
8夏穗生,曹秀峰,姜洪池.现代脾脏外科学[M].第2版.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2008:8.
9Cogbill. TH. et al. Changing trends in the management for pancreatic trauma, Arch Surg. 1982,117:722.
