我国公共环境政策困境破解研究——以“限塑令”实施遇阻为例

Analysis on the Predicament of Public Environmental Policy in China: A Case Study of Plastic Limit Order Implementation Encountering the Resistance

公共环境政策涉及千家万户,关乎每一位公众的切身利益。"限塑令"实施已满十周年,十年间关于"限塑令"实施成效的争议不断。"限塑令"实施遇阻固然是新老问题叠加所致,但背后所折射出的公共环境政策困境却不容忽视。在总结回顾"限塑令"实施十年成效的基础上,深入剖析"限塑令"实施遇阻所折射出的我国公共环境政策困境,主要包括政府主导型环境管理模式面临"三重失灵"、有偿使用制度设计存在明显弊端、执行监管机制设计存在明显弊端,进而从完善公共环境政策制定和实施体制、完善公共环境政策中的有偿使用制度、提高生态环境监管的精度和准度、加强公共环境政策执行主体建设这四个层面提出破解我国公共环境政策困境的建议。

Public environmental policy involves thousands of households,which is about the vital interests of every member of the public.It has been implemented 10years since the Plastic Limit Order was carried out and it causes many arguments.Many challenges occur when Plastic Limit Order is put into practice owing to the superposition of the old and new problems.Obviously,this reflects the non-negligible predicament of carrying out the public environmental.On the basis of summing up and reviewing the achievements of the implementation of Plastic Limit Order over the past ten years, and deeply analyzing the predicament of public environmental policy reflected by the Plastic Limit Order implementation, including the triple failures of government led environmental management model,the obvious drawbacks in the design of paid use system and obvious drawbacks in the design of executive supervision mechanism,countermeasures of improving the system for formulating and implementing public environmental policies,improving the system of paid use in public environmental policies,improving the accuracy and accuracy of ecological environmental supervision and strengthening the construction of public environmental policy executive subject are put forward to solve the problem of carrying out the public environmental policy.