3D打印技术在空间飞行器研制中的应用研究

Application Research of 3D Printing in Spacecraft Development

简要介绍了3D打印技术概念,详细描述了3D打印材料、装备及其在航空航天领域的主要应用现状,通过与传统制造方法相比较,分析归纳出3D打印技术制造优势。重点针对蜂窝板、桁架、大型天线等空间飞行器复杂部组件和应用设施制造提出了利用3D打印一体成型制造和在轨制造的方法及工艺流程,并结合空间飞行器装备制造现状和3D打印技术能力,得出近期开展星上复杂、难加工零部件的3D打印研究,中、远期主要瞄准载人空间站的在轨维护、深空探索等研究的结论。

This paper briefly introduces the concept of 3 D printing technology, describes in detail the current situation of 3 D printing materials, equipment and its main application in aerospace. By comparing with traditional manufacturing, the advantages of 3 D printing are summarized. The paper puts the emphasis on manufacturing of honeycomb panel, truss, large antennas and other spacecraft complex components and facilities, and an integral forming process and on-orbit manufacturing by using 3 D printing are proposed. Considering the status of spacecraft equipment manufacturing and 3 D printing technology capabilities, it is concluded that 3 D printing research on complex and difficult-to-machine components of satellite could be carried out recently, then in the middle and long term, we should aim at on-orbit maintenance of manned space station and deep space exploration.