乡村多元治理的规制困境与机制化弥合——基于软法治理方式

The Regulation Dilemma and Institutional Bridging of Rural Pluralistic Governance——Approach Based on Soft Law Governance

在多元共治的治理结构下,乡村治理的主体拓展至包括乡镇政府、村民委员会、农村社会组织、新型农业经营主体在内的政府、农民、市场、社会等四维治理主体。随着治理环境多样、治理主体多元、治理关系多维,各主体间的利益协调关系也会变得更为复杂。多对利益关系间的交互形成了多种利益矛盾:社区自治与政府管理间的博弈、个体利益与公共利益之间的抵牾、乡村治理文化与法律规则间的冲突。协调这些利益,单靠法律治理是不够的,需要将软法治理引入到乡村治理的实践中,选择自治、德治、法治相统一的治理价值,进而形成软法治理的双重参与机制、效力约束机制与耦合衔接机制,用以弥合多元主体参与社区治理的规制困境,进而推进新时代乡村振兴的实现。

Under the governance structure of pluralistic and co-governance,the main body of rural governance extends to the government,farmers,market and society,which include the township government,the villagers’ committee,the rural social organization and the new agricultural management subject.As the governance environment is diverse,the governance subject is diverse,and the governance relationship is multidimensional,the interest coordination relationship among the main bodies will become more complex.Under such a multi-dimensional interest structure,the interaction between multi-interest relations forms a variety of interest contradictions:the game between community autonomy and government management,the contradiction between individual interest and public interest.The conflict between the culture of rural governance and the rules of law.Coordinate these interests In 2001,it was not enough to rely on law alone.It is necessary to introduce soft law governance into the practice of rural governance,select the governance value of the rule of law by virtue of autonomy,and then form the dual participation mechanism of soft law governance,the binding mechanism of effectiveness and the coupling mechanism.In order to bridge the regulatory dilemma of multiple subjects participating in community governance,and then promote the realization of rural revitalization under the background of the new era.