世界主义与人类命运共同体的比较分析

A Comparative Analysis of Cosmopolitanism and Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

世界主义与人类命运共同体有内在关联,它们拥有共同的价值与理念,都关注并倡导人类的整体性利益与发展。世界主义有更浓重的哲学与伦理色彩,而人类命运共同体则更多体现了人类的社会性、政治性需求。世界主义有着更悠久的历史,而人类命运共同体则凸显于当下的全球化时代。从某种意义上讲,人类命运共同体理论是世界主义在当代的一种表现形式,也是人类文明进程的一种迫切需要。人类命运共同体的构建一方面要依据其自身的理论支柱和价值指向,另一方面则要观照到现实的可能性。基于此,人类命运共同体可区分为两个层次与两种类型,人类命运共同体的构建也可划分为两个阶段,以两步走的方式,推进人类命运共同体的落地化。第一个阶段是基于主权国家之上的合作共赢,权责共担,共同利益和责任为导向的人类命运共同体;第二阶段是基于类主体之上的,凸显全球情怀、全球关切、全球意识,以共同利益、责任与价值为导向的人类命运共同体。

Cosmopolitanism as a concept is intrinsically linked to the notion of community with a shared future for mankind. Both share common values and ideas,focus on and advocate the over all interests and development of human beings. Cosmopolitanism has more philosophical and ethical characteristics,while the community with a shared future for mankind reflects more of the social and political needs of human beings.Cosmopolitan thought has a longer history,while the idea of community with a shared future for mankind is highlighted more recently in the age of globalization. In a sense,the theory of community with a shared future for mankind is a manifestation of cosmopolitanism in the contemporary era and speaks to an urgent need for sharing rights and responsibilities among all in human civilization. On the one hand,the construction of community with a shared future for mankind should be based on its own theoretical pillars and value orientation;on the other hand,it must take into account its actual application. Community with a shared future for mankind can be divided into two levels and two types,the construction of which can also be proceeded in two stages.The first stage is based on win-win cooperation,shared rights and responsibilities among sovereign states,oriented to common interests and responsibility;the second stage is based on subjectivity of mankind, which highlights and calls for global concerns and consciousness, oriented to common interests, responsibility, and values.