企业创新与能源强度

Enterprise Innovation and Energy Intensity

基于创新投入与产出、创新方式两视角,利用2002年世界银行中国企业营商环境调查数据,检验企业创新与能源强度的关系。检验结果表明:基于创新投入与创新产出衡量的企业创新均能降低能源强度,且用企业创新产出衡量的企业创新降低能源强度的作用更大;三类创新上降低能源强度的大小依次为产品创新、工艺创新和管理创新;大中型企业在工艺创新和管理创新上降低能源强度的作用大于小微企业,小微企业在产品创新上降低能源强度的作用大于大中型企业;劳动密集型行业的产品创新和管理创新对能源强度具有显著的降低作用,技术密集型行业的三类创新均能显著地降低能源强度,资本密集型行业的三类创新降低能源强度的作用不显著;东部地区企业的三类创新均能显著地降低能源强度,中西部地区企业的产品创新和管理创新能显著地降低能源强度。

From the two perspectives of innovative input & output and innovation ways, this paper makes use of the data from the Survey on the Business Environment of Chinese Enterprises of World Bank 2012 to examine the relationship between enterprise innovation and energy intensity. The results show that the corporate innovation measured by innovative input and innovative output can both reduce energy intensity, and the en terprise innovation measured by innovative output has a stronger effect on energy intensity reduction. The order of the three innovations according to their capability of reducing energy intensity is as follows: first, product innovation, second, process innovation, last, management innovation. As for reducing energy intensity through process innovation and management innovation, large and medium-sized enterprises can play a greater role than small and micro enterprises, but as for reducing energy intensity through product innovation, small and micro enterprises can play a greater role than large and medium-sized enterprises. The product innovation and management innovation of the labor-intensive industry can play a significant role in reducing energy intensity. The three kinds of innovations of the technology intensive industry can all reduce energy intensity significantly, but the three kinds of innovations in the capital intensive industry cannot play such a significant role. The three kinds of innovations of the enterprises in the Eastern region can all significantly reduce energy intensity, while the product innovation and management innovation of the enterprises in the central and western regions can significantly reduce energy intensity.