低分化甲状腺癌的研究进展

Research progress of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma

低分化甲状腺癌(PDTC)的形态学特征和生物学行为介于分化良好的甲状腺癌和未分化甲状腺癌之间,主要分为甲状腺岛状癌和大细胞PDTC。多个基因突变与PDTC密切相关。PDTC尚缺乏统一的诊断标准,目前国际上主要采用都灵标准。手术是治疗PDTC的主要手段,放射性碘治疗、外放射治疗化疗仍存在争议。PDTC具有高侵袭性、易复发且生存率低等特点,因此有必要采取综合治疗。

The morphology and biological behavior of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma(PDTC) are between well-differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas. PDTC mainly includes island thyroid carcinoma and large cell PDTC. Multiple genetic alterations are closely related to PDTC. Although "Turin standards" is commonly used, there is no generally accepted diagnostic criteria. Surgery is the primary treatment for PDTC. Radioiodine therapy, external radiation therapy and chemotherapy are still controversial. Given the aggressiveness of PDTC, with increased recurrence and decreased survival rates, a multimodality treatment approach is required.