光敏杀菌技术及其在食品中的研究与应用

Study on Photosensitive Sterilization Technology and Its Application in Food

光敏杀菌是一种非热杀菌技术,是利用光敏剂在一定的光照条件下发生作用,通过破坏细胞膜、核酸,或导致酶失活等达到对食品中一些致病菌灭活的杀菌技术。与传统的热杀菌、化学杀菌相比,具有诸多优点,成本低、无残留,并且不会引起微生物抗药性,很好地保存了食品的品质特征。本文概述了光敏杀菌的作用机制及影响因素,同时介绍了光敏杀菌技术的研究进展和应用现状,有望将部分替代传统杀菌或与传统杀菌技术相结合,在食品工业中发挥积极作用。

Photosensitive sterilization is a non-thermal sterilization technology, in which photosensitizer exposed to light can inactivate the target pathogenic bacteria in food by destroying the cell membrane, nucleic acid, or denaturing enzymes, etc. Compared with the traditional thermal sterilization and chemical sterilization, it has the advantages of low cost, no residue, no microbial resistance, and good food quality characteristics. In this paper, the mechanism and influencing factors of photosensitive sterilization are reviewed. At the same time, research progress and application status in food of the technology are summarized. It is expected to partly replace or combine with traditional sterilization methods to play a positive role in food industry.