四川井盐业空间布局的历史演变

The Historical Evolvement of Sichuan Well Salt Industry Productivity Space Position

历史上四川井盐业的生产力空间布局经历了四种历史形态 :一是秦代井盐业发生期 ,主要特征是生产分布范围小 ,产量有限 ;二是汉至唐生产力空间扩散阶段 ,产地范围扩大 ,数量增加 ,但技术落后 ,产量低 ,属于外延式扩大再生产 ;三是宋至明代的过渡阶段 ,生产的空间扩展结束 ,产量有所增加 ,但技术进步趋势受到封建盐业制度的扼杀 ,使井盐业停滞不前 ;四是清代生产的大规模集中 ,形成大的生产中心 ,从而带动生产方式的变革和形成盐业专业化城市。造成井盐业生产力空间布局演变的主要因素是生产技术的进步 ,区域市场开拓 。

Sichuan well salt industry productivity space position has gone through four kinds of historical forms: The first period took place inQin dynasty, of which the main characteristic was its small area of production distribution and its limited output. The second moment, at which the productivity space was diffused, was from Han to Tang dynasty period. The extension and the increasing number of the producing areas but with lagging technology and low output were its characteristics which were involved in the enlarged reproduction of extension. The third transitional period was from Song to Ming dynasty. In this period, the space extension of production was ended and the output was increased. whereas, the tendency of the improved technology was jugulated by the feudal salt industry system, which made the well salt industry stagnate in its developing way,. The fourth period took place in Qin dynasty. In this period, the cosmically centralized production helped to form large producing centers and it also made the production manner innovated, then the specialization cities of salt industry came into being. In one word, the main factors which made the evolvement of well salt industry productivity space position were the development of production technology, the deploitation of area markets, the increase of population and the varied policies made by the feudal governments.