331例儿童食物不耐受检测结果分析

Analysis of food intolerance testing results in 331 children

目的探讨331例疑似食物过敏儿童对14种食物不耐受的分布情况,为临床上饮食指导治疗提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测331例食物不耐受患儿血清中14种食物过敏原特异性IgG抗体水平。结果 331例食物不耐受患儿中皮肤症状117例,呼吸系统表现103例,消化系统表现57例,过敏性紫癜33例,其他21例。315例对1~14种不等的食物产生的特异性IgG升高,阳性率为95.17%;14种食物中阳性率由高到低依次是牛奶、鸡蛋、鳕鱼、大豆、蟹、西红柿、虾、牛肉、大米、小麦、猪肉、鸡肉、玉米、蘑菇。食物不耐受在0~3岁婴幼儿发生率较高,牛奶、鸡蛋在0~3岁小婴儿较多见(P<0.05),鳕鱼、蟹在>3岁儿童较多见(P<0.05);阳性率较高的前8种食物在不同性别间的差异均未见明显统计学意义(P>0.05)。190例患儿饮食调整治疗有效率89.47%。结论食物不耐受易发生于婴幼儿,不受性别影响,饮食调整是治疗食物不耐受的有效手段。

Objective To investigate the distribution of 1 4 kinds of food for 331 cases of children with food allergy and provide labo-ratory evidence of diet guidance for clinical treatment.Methods Fourteen kinds of serum food allergen specific IgG antibody levels were de-tected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA)in 331 cases of children with food intolerance.Results Among 331 children with food intolerance,skin symptoms were in 1 1 7 cases,respiratory system disease in 1 03 cases,digestive system disease in 57 cases,allergic purpura in 33 cases,and other in 21 cases.The specific IgG induced by 1 ~1 4 kinds of food rose in 31 5 cases in this group(positive rate was 95 .1 7%). Positive rate of 1 4 kinds of food in turn from high to low was milk,eggs,cod,soybean,crab,tomato,shrimp,beef,rice,wheat,pork,chicken, maize and mushroom in the group.Food intolerance in 0~3 years old of infants and young children was higher.Milk,eggs more happened in 0~3 years old baby,and cod,crab more in>3 years old children(P<0.05).The difference of incidences had no obvious statistical signifi-cance in the higher positive rate of 8 kinds of food between the gender (P>0.05).The effective rate was 89.47%in 1 90 children with food intolerance through diet therapy.Conclusion There is one or two or more food intolerance IgG antibody in children with food allergies,which mostly occurs in infants and young children.Also the occurrence of food intolerance is not affected by gender.Diet is an effective method for treatment of food intolerance.