低蛋白日粮对规模猪场温室气体减排效果研究

Effect of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emission by Low-nitrogen Diet in Scale Piggery

在北京8家规模猪场选取60头育肥猪分别喂食普通饲料和低蛋白日粮,测量两种饲养条件下育肥猪的死淘率、日增重、采食量、饲料转化率、粪氮等各项指标,分析低蛋白日粮对育肥猪温室气体排放量和减排量的影响。结果表明,采用低蛋白日粮喂养猪比用普通饲料喂养饲料利用效率提高7.51%,猪粪便中氮和碳的含量分别减少27.9%和1.84%(P<0.05),可实现温室气体减排量(0.82±0.40)kgCO2e/kg增重,其主要减排途径为减少了粪便管理过程中氧化亚氮的排放(P<0.05)。可见,低蛋白日粮可提高育肥猪对营养物质的利用率,减少猪粪便中NH3、N含量,温室气体减排量0.82kgCO2e/kg增重。

To study the effects of low-nitrogen diet to greenhouse gas emissions, 8 scale piggeries in Beijing were selected. In every piggery, 60 grower pigs were divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group. And experimental group is fed with low-nitrogen diet, while control group with normal diet. Then of a range of indicators the two groups are separately measured under the same conditions, such as mortality, daily gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate and fecal nitrogen, which were used to calculated the carbon emissions when fecding two kinds of diets. The results showed that the diet utilizing rate was upby 7.51% by feeding low-nitrogen diet, and the nitrogen and organic matter in manure decreased by 27.9%and 1.84%（P〈0.05）, respectively. So, the carbon emissions reduced 0. 81815±0. 40455 kg/kg weight gain, most of which is contributed by Nz O emissions during manure management（P〈 0.05）. It proved that not only economic advantages with cost savings and weight gain, but also environ- mental advantages with low-carbon emissions were obtained to feed low-nitrogen diet in scale piggery, which is significant for sustainable development of animal husbandry.