社会经济数据空间化研究进展

A Review on Research about Spatialization of Socioeconomic Data

由于传统的社会经济数据在地学研究和使用中存在着数据结构不一致、空间单元不匹配和数据在空间单元内均一化等问题,因而需要对社会经济数据进行空间化,使其满足科学研究的需求。国内外社会经济数据空间化的研究主要集中在人口数据空间化和GDP数据空间化两方面,而其他社会经济数据空间化的研究尚不多见。经过数十年的发展,国内学者提出了至少10余种社会经济数据空间化模型。该文按照其思想及方法的不同将其归为空间插值法、土地利用/土地覆被影响模型、多源数据融合法及遥感反演法四类,分别对其做了详细介绍,并评述了各种方法的优缺点;指出了今后对社会经济数据空间化结果应用的两个方向:用于分析社会经济数据对生态交错带时空变化的影响和根据社会经济数据空间化的结果进行土地利用历史重建。

As the data structure is inconsistent,spatial unit does not matched and the data in one unit is homogenized in the use of traditional socio-economic data,so it is necessary to spatialize the socio-econornic data to better meet the demands of scientific research.Taking a panoramic view of the domestic and foreign research status,the research about spatialization of socioeconomic data mainly focus on the spatialization of population and GDP data,and the spatialization of other socioeconomic data is still rare.Up to now,there are more than ten models of spatialization that proposed by scholars.This paper reviewed the domestic research about spatialization of socio-economic data in last decade.According to the differences of thought and approach,they were classified into four categories：spatial interpolation,land use/land cover influence model,multi-source data fusion,and remote sensing inversion method.Then,the authors made a detailed presentation and commented the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.At last,two applications of the socio-eeonomie data spatialization result in the future were pointed out,that is,use it to analyze the affect of socio-economic data on temporal and spatial variation of ecotone and to reconstruct the historical land use/land cover