《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》宋代传播考论

Discussion on the Dissemination of Recalling Antiquity at Red Cliff in Song Dynasty

苏轼的《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》堪为宋代怀古词的经典,也是豪放词风的代表作,但赤壁词的传播和出名却有一个缓慢的过程。在北宋时期,赤壁词的名声并不大,甚至默默无闻,它的传播影响和读者的接受程度也较有限,当时文人的诗话笔记和词话都很少谈到赤壁词。这首词是在北宋末和南宋初才为文人们所重视,特别是南渡后,《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》的英雄之气和当时文人渴望恢复的文化心态相契合,由此读者重新发掘了它的艺术魅力,其名始振,遂流传天下。

Recalling Antiquity at Red Cliff by Susi can be rated as the classics of the poetry in Song Dynasty and the masterpiece of unstrained poetry, however, it took a long period of time for it to gain its fame. In Northern Song Dynasty Recalling Antiquity at Red Cliff was not well know, or it was even not known, and seldom did literati men- tion it in their works. It was not until the end of northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of Sothern Song Dynasty that it began to draw attention from literati. After the collapse of the Northern Song Dynasty and the capital moved to the south, the heroism manifested in the poem harmonized with the cultural mentality that literati expected to be re- stored, which enables readers to rediscover its artistic charm and earns its immortal reputation.