山东省果树蜜蜂授粉管理与效益分析

Management and Benefits Analysis of Bee Pollinating Fruit Trees in Shandong Province

蜜蜂授粉期间蜂群管理的好坏直接影响到授粉的效果，也影响到蜂群的群势与蜂产品的产量。利用蜜蜂为苹果授粉可比自然授粉提高坐果率14％，幼果平均重增加118．9％，产量增产36．26％，经蜜蜂授粉的苹果果实果形及着色均优于自然授粉和棚内自然授粉；大棚樱桃通过蜜蜂授粉产量可达1000～1500kg／亩，收入在6500元左右，是蜂农授粉收入近百倍，是自然状态下收入的十几倍。

The quality of management during the period of bee pollination will directly affect the result of pollina- tion,and also,the power of bee colony and the output of bee products.Using bees to pollinate for apple trees instead of natural pollination could make a 14% increase in fruit setting rate,a 118.9% rise in weight of young fruit and 36.26% of production increase.Both the shape and the colour of apples being pollinated by bees were superior to the ones by natu- ral pollinating in or out of greenhouses.The production of greenhouse cherry reached 1000-1500 kg per mu yield through bee pollinating,the income was about 6500,almost 100 times of beekeepers pollinating, dozen times more than that in its natural state.