复合微生物菌剂对油菜秸秆腐熟及油菜产量的影响

Effect of Complex Microbial Agent on Decomposition of Rape Straw and Yield of Rape

为了探讨复合微生物菌剂对油菜秸秆的腐熟效果,比较了未用油菜秸秆还田(A)处理、油菜秸秆直接还田(B)处理及秸秆还田并施复合微生物菌剂(C)处理的土壤养分含量、秸秆腐熟程度以及油菜产量。结果表明,秸秆还田并施用复合微生物菌剂降低了土壤pH值和容重,提高了土壤养分含量。C处理有机质含量较A、B处理分别提高12.61%、8.50%,全氮含量分别提高38.60%、26.27%。施用复合微生物菌剂加速了秸秆的腐熟速度,秸秆在发酵腐熟60d时,C处理腐熟率为75.18%,远高于B处理(56.88%)。油菜秸秆还田并施用复合微生物菌剂可提高油菜生物量、改善油菜农艺性状,进而提高产量,C处理油菜产量较A、B处理分别提高5.33%、0.30%。总之,施用复合微生物菌剂可加速秸秆腐熟和养分释放,从而改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤养分含量,进而改善油菜农艺性状并提高产量。

In order to explore the decomposition effect of complex microbial agent,the contents of soil nutrition,degree of decomposition of the rape straw and rape yield were analyzed from three treatments（A：no straw returning,B：straw returning,C：straw returning combined with complex microbial agent）.The results showed that straw returning combined with complex microbial agent decreased the soil pH value and volume weight,and increased the soil nutrient contents.Compared with A,B,the organic matter content of C increased by 12.61%,8.50%;the total N content of C increased by 38.60%,26.27%.The application of complex microbial agent accelerated the decomposition of rape straws,the decomposition rate of C was 75.18%,far higher than B（56.88%）at the 60 th day after fermentation.Straw returning combined with complex microbial agent improved the agronomic characters,increased the biomass and yield of rape.Compared with A,B,the yield of C increased by 5.33%,0.30%.Overall,the application of complex microbial agent accelerated the decomposition of rape straws and release of soil nutrient,improved the physical and chemical properties of soil and agronomic characters of rape,increased the soil nutrient contents and yield of rape.