临床分离嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的分布特征及耐药分析

Distribution of clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and their drug resistance

目的分析临床分离嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（SMA）的分布特征及耐药情况。方法采用琼脂稀释法对安徽医科大学第一附属医院2010-2011年收集的108株SMA进行药敏试验，结果依据临床实验室标准化委员会（CISI）2012年推荐的标准进行判读。数据资料分析运用WHONET5．4软件。结果108株SMA的感染最多见于呼吸道感染，样本主要来源于痰及咽拭子，占83．33％；其临床主要分布于呼吸科（20．37％）和重症监护室（15．74％）；感染病例以男性居多；年龄在60岁及以上的占65．74％。药敏结果显示，108株SMA对于常用药物如米诺环素的敏感性为80．55％，左氧氟沙星为69．44％、氯霉素为61．11％，头孢哌酮／舒巴坦为52．78％，甲氧苄啶，磺胺甲曙唑为51．85％，而对其他药物均表现为严重耐药性。结论SMA已表现出对多种抗生素耐药的现象，呼吸科和重症监护室尤应重视SMA的感染监控和治疗。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Stenotrophomonas mahophilia （SMA） in nosoeomial infection. Methods One hundred and eight strains of SMA were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from 2010 to 2011, and were tested by asp-agar-diluted method. The results were evaluated according to the criteria recommended by Clinical ond Laboratory Standards Institute （CLSI） 2012, and were analyzed with WHONET5.4 software. Results The infection of SMA （108 strains） were most seen in respiratory tract infection. Ninety strains of SMA was collected from sputum and throat swab samples, accounting for 83.33%. The infection of SMA mainly occurred at Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Unit （20.37% and 15.74% ）. Most of the patients were men; the patients over 60 years old accounted for 65.74%. Drug sensitivity results showed that the sensitivity rate of 108 strains of SMA to minocycline was 80.55%, to levofloxacin was 69.44%, to chloramphenicol was 61.11%, to cefoperazone/sulbactam was 52.78%, and to cotri- moxazole was 51.85%, and that most strains were resistant to other drugs. Conclusions SMA is resistant to a variety of antibiotics. Prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection of SMA should be paid more attention in Department of Respiration and Intensive Care Room.