中国现代远程教育政策编码与分析

Coding and Analysis for the Policy of Modern Distance Education in China

现代远程教育试点以来,中国政府颁布了一系列政策来保障现代远程教育的质量和发展,政策成为中国现代远程教育发展的主导性因素和重要动力,推动现代远程教育的发展与变革。然而现代远程教育质量却一直备受社会质疑,政府有关部门的努力并没有达到理想的效果。运用政策编码研究方法,从政策制订本身来探寻问题是一个新的视角。通过"亚洲地区高等远程教育质量保证模式、标准和关键绩效指标"项目研究得出的现代远程教育质量要素,对1999年到2011年间的80条核心政策进行编码,分析已有政策的主要着力点和疏忽的地方:已有政策较多地关注信息与宣传、机构政策与监管、课程设计与开发等机构层面的要素;对与学生学习环节息息相关的学生支持、教与学环节提及不多;教师支持和对社会的贡献较少被提及;教与学、研究、结果与成果在2000年和2001年受到较多关注,然后关注度持续下降;对评估与评价的关注度一直不高。基于编码结果分析,对今后的现代远程教育政策制订需要有较大的调整。

Since the pilot project of modern distance education started, Chinese government promulgated a series of policies to guarantee the quality of modern distance education. And policy became the leading factor in the development and reform of modern distance education in China. However, the quality of modern distance education had been queried, no matter how hard Chinese government tried. There is a new angle of view to find the problem in the existing policies with the method of policy coding and analysis. Based on the elements concluded from the project ＆quot;Quality Assurance Models, Standards and Key Performance Indicators for ICT-Supported Distance Education in Asia＆quot;, 80 existing policies from1999 to 2011 are coded and then their focuses and shortcomings are analyzed. After analysis, we found that： （1） the existing policies are more concerned with elements of institution level such as information and publication, organization policy and supervision, curriculum design and development, paid little attention to the elements that has close relation to students＇ learning; （2） teachers＇ support and their contribution to the society is less mentioned;（3） teaching and learning, research and results are paid more attention in 2000 and 2001, but the interest in these elements has declined since 2001; （4） the degree of concern for the assessment and evaluation is not very high all the time. We hope these results will be helpful in making the future policy for modern distance education.