我国已婚人群婚姻质量现况调查

Cross-sectional study of marital quality in Chinese married adults

目的：探讨我国已婚人群婚姻质量的状况及其相关因素.方法：本研究为横断面研究.在全国21个省份收集已婚人群样本[20 ～69岁,平均年龄（39.3±8.2）岁]共3373名,采用婚姻调适测验（MAT）评估婚姻质量,MAT评分高于100分表明婚姻质量较好.用自编调查表了解性别、城市/农村户籍、收入水平、受教育程度、子女情况、是否与配偶一起居住以及结婚年限等因素.结果：样本MAT平均得分（103.3±23.6）高于100分.多元线性回归分析显示,城市户籍（β=0.04,P＜0.05）、收入水平较高（β=0.07,P＜0.01）、与配偶一起居住（β=0.11,P＜0.01）与MAT得分呈正向关联,有子女（β=-0.05,P＜0.05）与MAT得分负向关联,随结婚年限的增长,MAT得分呈“U”字型趋势（Adjusted R^2=0.026,结婚年限平方项标准化回归系数β=0.05,P＜0.01）.结论：目前我国已婚者的婚姻质量平均状况较好,其中城市户籍、收入水平和受教育程度较高、无子女和与配偶一起居住的已婚者婚姻质量较好,婚姻质量随结婚年限增长呈“U”型趋势.

Objective：To investigate the marriage quality in married adults in China and its related factors.Methods：In this cross-sectional study,3373 married person,aged 20-69,with the average age of （39.3 ± 8.2）,in 21 provinces of China were administrated the Marital Adjustment Test （MAT） for assessing marital quality.MAT score higher than 100 indicates fine marital quality.The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate gender,city or village registered residence,income level,education status,children,whether live together with spouse and years of marriage.Results：The average score of MAT was （103.3 ± 23.6）,which was higher than 100.The multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the MAT scores were positively associated with urban household registration （β =0.04,P 〈 0.05）,higher income level （β =0.07,P 〈 0.01） and living together with spouse （β =0.11,P 〈 0.01）,negatively associated with having children （β =-0.05,P 〈 0.05）,the MAT sores displayed ＂U＂ curve with years of marriage increasing （adjusted R^2 =0.026,years of marriage with quadratic term showedβ3 =0.05,P 〈0.01）.Conclusion：It suggests that the overall marital quality of married grown-ups in China is fine.The married people with urban household registration,high income level and education level,having no children,living together with spouse have better marriage quality,marital quality displays ＂U＂ curve with years of marriage increasing.