沧州农村地区老年人群体质量指数和腰围与高血压的相关性研究

Association of body mass index and waist circumference with hypertension in Cangzhou rural elderly people

目的探讨沧州农村地区老年人群体质量指数和腰围与高血压患病率的关系。方法按照整体随机抽样方法,对沧州某农村地区年龄60-89岁1560例居民进行问卷调查、医学体检,根据高血压诊断标准分为高血压组868例和非高血压组692例。以不同体质量指数及腰围分层,比较高血压患病率及相关危险因素。结果高血压组超重（33.6%vs 10.8%）、肥胖（38.8%vs 9.7%）、腹型肥胖（36.6%vs 19.4%）、超重伴腹型肥胖（23.3%vs6.1%）检出率明显高于非高血压组（P〈0.01）。而腰围异常老年人群患高血压风险度是腰围正常者的2.41倍（95%CI：1.906-3.042,P=0.000）。相关因素分析发现,不良饮食习惯、吸烟、饮酒为该地区老年人群超重或肥胖的高危因素。结论沧州农村地区老年人群超重和肥胖形势严峻,体质量指数和腰围与高血压关系密切,不良生活习惯为其高危因素,改善不良饮食结构是高血压等慢性疾病防治的根本。

Objective To study the association of body mass index（BMI）and waist circumference（WC）with hypertension in Cangzhou rural elderly people.Methods A total of 1560 Cangzhou residends aged 60-89 years undergoing medical examination were investigated with questionnaire.The 1560 elderly people were divided into hypertension group（n=868）and non-hypertension group（692）.The prevalence of hypertension in these people and its relevant risk factors such as BMI and WC were compared.Results The prevalence of overweight,obesity,abdominal obesity,and overweight plus abdominal obesity was significantly higher in hypertension group than in non-hypertension group（33.6%vs 10.8%,38.8%vs 9.7%,36.6%vs 19.4%,23.3%vs 6.1%,P〈0.01）.The risk of hypertension was 2.41-fold higher in elderly people with an abnormal WC than in those with a normal WC（95%CI：1.906-3.042,P=0.000）.Correlation factor analysis showed that bad diatary habit,smoking and alcohol drinking were the high risk factors for overweight or obesity in Cangzhou rural elderly people.Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rather high in Cangzhou rural elderly people.The BMI and WC are closely related with hypertension.Bad dietary habit is the risk factor for overweight or obesity,it is thus essential to improve their bad dietary habit in prevention of chronic diseases such as hypertension.