结直肠癌和息肉737例发病部位及病理分型分析

The Sites and Pathological Type of Colorectal Cancer and Polyps in 737 Cases： An Analysis

对结直肠癌和息肉发病部位及病理分型进行分析，为手术治疗方法提供依据，2009年7～12月，对电子结肠镜下结直肠癌和息肉737例患者的发病部位、类型、性别、年龄因素进行分析。结果显示，737例中，结直肠癌49例，占6．65％；结直肠息肉688例，占93．35％。40岁以上检出率明显升高。结直肠癌病理类型：腺癌36例，占73．47％；绒毛细胞癌5例，占10．20％；黏液腺癌4例，占8．16％。结直肠癌49例，距肛缘距离〈6cm14例，占28．57％；距肛缘距离6～20cm27例，占55．10％；距肛缘距离〉20cm8例，占16．32％；直肠、乙状结肠镜下可发现距肛缘距离20cm内的占83．67％；结直肠息肉688例，直肠、乙状结肠镜下可发现的占76．02％。结果表明，结直肠癌和息肉发病部位及病理分型决定了术式选择及预后，直肠、乙状结肠镜早期筛查至关重要，可达到早发现早治疗的目的。

This study was to analyze the sites and pathological types of colorectal cancer and polyps in 737 cases, so as to provide a basis for surgical intervention.An analysis was conducted on 737 cases of eolorectal cancer and polyps received colonoscopy for the site,type,gender and age.The results showed that of 737 ca ses,49 cases were diagnosed as eolorectal cancer （6.65%） ,688 colorectal polyps（93.35%）.The detection rate was obviously higher in cases over the age of 40.Pathological type： adenocarcinoma （36cases,73.47% ）, chorionic villus cell carcinoma （5cases, 10.20 % ）, mucinous adenocarcinoma （4 cases, 8.16 %）.There were 49 cases of colorectal cancer： the distance from the anal margin 〈6cm in 14 cases（28.57%） ,the distance from the anal margin 6-20cm in 27 cases（55.10%）,the distance from the anal margin〉20cm in 8 cases （16.32%） ;83.67% of the cases the distance from anal margin 〈20cm were detected by proctoscopy and sigmoidoscopy.There were 688 cases of colorectal polyps,76% of which were detected by proctoscopy and sigmoidoscopy.h is concluded that the sites and pathological types of colorectal cancer and polyps deter- mine the surgical options and prognosis; proctoscopy and sigmoidoscopy are of great importance to early screening,so that early detection and early treatment can be achieved.