高频超声对乳腺肿块微钙化的检测及临床意义

Detection of micro-calcification of breast lumps by high-frequency ultrasound and its clinical significance

目的探讨高频超声对乳腺肿块微钙化的检测及其临床意义。方法选取96例乳腺肿块伴微小钙化患者,术后病理检查确诊为良性肿瘤50例(良性组),恶性肿瘤46例(恶性组),通过高频超声探查显示钙化灶的分布与特点并比较两组的区别,同时探讨患者年龄与微钙化的关系。结果两组均以微钙化多见,良性组34例(68.00%),恶性组44例(95.65%),恶性组的微钙化所占比例明显高于良性组,经比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.0252,P=0.001)。其中良性组的微钙化灶多呈散点状分布,而恶性组的微钙化灶多呈簇状分布,组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为12.5458,37.4088,P<0.001)。良性组的粗钙化所占比例与恶性组相似(χ2=2.3490,P=0.1254),弧形钙化所占比例明显高于恶性组(χ2=8.029,P=0.005)。良性组的微钙化者以>45岁居多,而恶性组的微钙化以≤45岁者为主,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.0711,P=0.0137)。结论高频超声能够有效显示乳腺肿块内钙化的类型,有助于乳腺良恶性肿块的鉴别诊断。

Objective To investigate the detection of micro-calcification of breast lumps by high frequency ultrasound and its clinical significance.Methods 96 patients with micro-calcified breast mass were selected as the study objects.Among them, 50 cases who had benign tumors revealed by postoperative pathological examination were chosen as benign group, and 46 cases who had malignant tumor were chosen as malignant group.Distribution and characteristics of calcified lesions of beth groups were detected by high-frequency ultrasound, and then they were compared. Relationship between patients＇ ages and micro-calcification were also investigated. Results Micro calcification were mostly seen in the two groups, with 34 cases （68.00%） in the benign group and 44 cases （95.65%） in the malignant group.The calcified proportion of the malignant group was significantly higher than that in the benign group,so the difference was statistically significant （X2 = 12.0252,P= 0. 001 ） .The micro-calcification of the benign group was in scatter distribution, and that of the malignant group was in cluster distribution,so the difference between groups was statistically significant （x2 was 12.5458,37.4088 respectively,P〈0. 001 ）. Proportions of coarse calcification in benign group and malignant group was similar, but that of curved calcification was signif- icantly higher than that of the malignant group（ x2= 8.029,P= 0.005）.Patients with micro calcification in the benign group mostly aged over 45 years, but those in the malignant group were mainly 45 years old or less, so the difference was statistically significant （ x2 = 6.0711, P = 0.0137 ）. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound can effectively display types of calcification within breast lesions.It plays an important role in the differential diagnoses of malignant and benign breast tumors.