科技工作者健康生活方式及影响因素研究

A study on health lifestyles and its influencing factors among scientific and technical workers

目的：了解科技工作者健康生活方式及影响因素，为制定健康生活干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样法抽取浙江省非医学类科技工作者800人，并进行健康生活方式状况问卷调查。结果共回收有效问卷748份，应答率为93.50％，其中男性占60.24％，女性占39.76％；吸烟者、过量饮酒者和缺乏体育锻炼者所占比例分别为26.29％、48.64％和52.49％；蔬菜、水果、豆类及奶制品等膳食摄入量男女间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。压力大和应酬是导致吸烟和过量饮酒的主要原因。多因素Logistic回归分析：生活压力是影响健康生活方式的重要危险因素，OR值及（95％CI）为1.82（1.17～2.81）；女性和高学历是保护因素，OR值及（95％CI）分别为0.35（0.25～0.49）和0.52（0.31～0.87）。结论吸烟、过量饮酒和缺乏体育锻炼等不良生活方式是浙江省非医学类科技工作者的主要问题；生活压力大是影响健康生活方式的重要因素；男性在合理膳食方面有待加强。

Objective To understand the health lifestyles and its influencing factors of scientific and technical workers in Zhejiang Province and to provide the basis for developing intervention measures.Methods A total of 800 non -medical scientific and technical workers were selected randomly by multi -stage stratified sampling method,and investigation of health lifestyles was carried out with questionnaire.Results A total of 748 valid questionnaires were collected with response rate of 93.50%,among which male accounted for 60.24%,smokers 26.29%,excessive drinkers 48.64% and physical activity lack 52.49%.There were statistical differences in the dietary intake of vegetables,fruits,beans and milk products between genders （all P 〈0.05 ）.The respondents considered that pressure and entertainment were the main causes of smoking and excessive drinking.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the pressure of life was an independent risk factor （OR =1 .82）,female and those with higher education level were the protective factors （OR =0.35 and 0.52 respectively）.Conclusion Smoking,excessive drinking and physical activity lack are the main problems of lifestyles in non -medical scientific and technical workers of Zhejiang Province.Life stress may be one of the important influencing factors.Men in dietary needs to be strengthened.