β-磷酸三钙复合有机高分子聚合物骨支架材料:制备及应用中的问题

Beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with organic polymer as bone scaffolds:scaffold preparation and application

背景:通过研究发现,将β-磷酸三钙与其他高分子化合物复合,可以提高其力学强度和组织相容性,符合临床应用的要求。目的:评价骨组织工程复合支架的选择和制备方法,并叙述面临的问题。方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索2002至2014年PubMed数据库、GOOGLE学术数据库、CNKI数据库、万方数据库、维普数据库,中文检索词为"β-磷酸三钙或β-TCP,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,聚乳酸,制备,骨组织工程支架",英文检索词为"β-tricalcium phosphate,PLGA,PLA,scaffold,prepare"。结果与结论:为了解决骨移植中骨量不足的问题,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物/聚乳酸复合β-磷酸三钙材料作为骨组织工程支架材料已取得较大的进展,目前可采用微球烧结、纤维黏结、溶剂浇铸/粒子沥滤、乳化/冷冻干燥技术、气体发泡法、相分离技术、快速成型技术和静电纺丝等方法制备复合有机高分子聚合物的支架。聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物/聚乳酸与β-磷酸三钙复合支架可定制,可以通过改进制造技术、工艺等问题,以满足不同的骨组织工程应用需求。

BACKGROUND：Studies have shown that theβ-tricalcium phosphate can be combined with other macromolecular compounds to improve the mechanical strength and histocompatibility, meeting the requirements of clinical application. OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the selection and preparation methods of composite scaffold in bone tissue engineering, and to describe the problems we are facing. METHODS：The first author retrieved PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases by computer using the keywords of“β-tricalcium phosphate,β-TCP, PLGA, PLA, scaffold, prepare”in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：β-tricalcium phosphate combined with polylactic acid-glycolic acid/polylactic acid as bone tissue engineering scaffolds has achieved a great progress. At present, the organic polymer composite scaffolds can be prepared by microsphere sintering, fiber bonding, solvent casting/particulate＆amp;nbsp;leaching, emulsification/freeze drying technology, gas foaming method, phase separation technology, rapid prototyping technology and electrostatic spinning method.β-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds with polylactic acid-glycolic acid/polylactic acid can be customizable so as to meet different requirements for bone tissue engineering, which can improve the porosity, mechanical properties and biodegradation by improving fabrication techniques and processings, ratio of raw materials and fil er proportion.