美国小学科学教学的特色及启示

Characteristics and Enlightenment of Science Teaching in American Primary School

美国十分重视小学科学的教学改革,改革发展至今呈现出了别具一格的新特点,主要体现为以建构主义为基础的教学理念、以贴近生活为原则的教学内容、以智力技能为重点的教学过程、以开放探究为中心的教学方法、以公共多元为宗旨的教学资源。其特色与经验启示我们,要高度重视小学科学教学的立法保障,拓展延伸小学科学教学的内容体系,鼓励加强小学科学教学的活动探究,合理进行小学科学教学的有效管理,全力提供小学科学教学的公共资源。

The United States of America attaches great importance to the reform of science teaching in primary school, which has now formed its unique characteristics such as the teaching ideas based on constructivism, the teaching content brought close to life as the principle, the teaching process focusing on intellectual skills, the teaching method centering on open exploration, and the teaching resources aiming at public multi-dimensions, the enlightenment of which for China＇s science teaching includes： we should give top priority to the legislation of science teaching in primary school, expand and extend the system of content, encourage teachers to explore activities of classroom instruction, properly make an effective administration of science teaching, and spare no efforts to provide the public resources for primary school science teaching.