2012年南昌市西湖区居民主要死因及期望寿命分析

Analyzing the main causes of death and life expectancy of residents in Xihu District of Nanchang in 2012

目的:了解南昌市西湖区居民的主要死亡原因及期望寿命,为提高人群的健康水平及制定疾病防控措施提供依据。方法:以2012年南昌市西湖区死因监测数据中常驻居民的所有死亡个案为研究对象,使用死亡率、期望寿命等指标对数据进行描述性分析,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果:南昌市西湖区居民的死亡率为5.88‰(标化率4.58‰),死因以慢性病为主,死亡率5.34‰,占全死亡人数的90.81%。居民死因顺位前5位依次为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害及内分泌、营养和代谢疾病,占全死因的91.71%。居民的期望寿命为79.27岁(男性77.77岁,女性81.02岁),造成寿命损失的疾病顺位前5位依次为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害以及内分泌、营养和代谢疾病。结论:西湖区居民的死亡率较低,以心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤为代表的慢性病与伤害是影响该区居民健康的主要疾病,应继续加强该区慢性病的综合防治工作,针对重点人群开展常见慢性病的健康知识宣教,提倡健康的生活方式,并开展"三早"工作,防治结合,以降低主要慢性病的发病与死亡。

Objective To study the main causes of death and life expectancy of residents in Xihu District of Nanchang, and provide basis for the improvement of health and prevention and control of diseases. Methods The surveillance data of death cases of permanent residents in Xihu District in 2012 was statistically analyzed. Results The residents＇ mortality in Xihu District was 5. 88‰,which standardized rate was 4.58‰. The main cause of death was chronic diseases, which mortality was 5.34‰, occupied 90.81% of the total death cases. The top five causes of death were circulatory diseases, tumors, respiratory diseases, injuries and endocrine, and nutritional and metabolic disease, of which accounted for 91.71%. The residents＇ life expectancy was 79.27 years, in which male was 77.77, and female was 81.02. The top five diseases resulting in loss of life were circulatory diseases, tumors, respiratory diseases,injuries, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases. Conclusion The residents＇ mortality in Xihu District was lower. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and injuries were the major causes. It was important to strengthen comprehensive prevention and control on chronic diseases to reduce the incidence and mortality of major chronic diseases.