孕母甲状腺功能异常对子代的影响

The influences of maternal thyroid dysfunction on children

妊娠期母体甲状腺激素会发生一系列变化，而子代的生长发育，尤其是甲状腺的发育，对母体甲状腺功能状态有很大的依赖性。孕母甲状腺功能异常若未及时发现和控制，会引起子代各种严重的不良后果，包括流产、早产、死胎、死产、先天性畸形、甲状腺功能亢进症或甲状腺功能减退症、神经系统发育落后等，甚至影响子代远期的生长发育，因此应及早检出并控制孕妇及子代的甲状腺功能异常，以提高子代存活率及生活质量。

A series of changes of maternal thyroid hormones occur during pregnancy. The growth and development of offspring, especially the growth of the thyroid gland, depends a lot on maternal normal thyroid function. If the thyroid dysfunction of pregnant women is not diagnosed and treated properly, the children may suffer with serious consequences,including fetal loss （abortion, stillbirth）, premature birth, congenital malformation, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, delayed development of the nervous system, etc. Maternal thyroid dys function even influences the longterm growth of offspring. Therefore, we should detect and control thyroid dys function of pregnant women and their children as early as possible, in order to improve the survival rate and life quality of the offspring.