新型城镇化的关键改革与突破口选择

KEY REFORMS OF NEW URBANIZATION

新型城镇化的实施需要一个统筹城乡的系统性改革框架。目前已经出台的改革方案和政策仍然存在较为严重的不足。本文提出,在中国主要农民工流入地城市,要尽快推动以"公共服务提供"为核心的户籍制度改革,但户籍改革的关键应以城中村和城郊村土地制度改革为突破口。首先,赋予城市郊区的本地农民一定的土地开发权利,使其合法地为外来流动人口建出租房。其次,对利用很不集约的存量工业用地进行重整,将节余土地逐步转化为商、住用地,增加城市住宅用地供给。最后,在以农业为主的农村地区,应重点推动农地整理,先整理后确权,并试点以"折抵指标"为主的土地发展权交易,实现新型城镇化与农业、农村现代化的同步推进。

A systemic framework to coordinate urban-rural development is a prerequisite for carrying out new urbanization, while the existing reform policies fail to meet major challenges in China＇s ongoing urbanization. As a result, this paper proposes a systemic reform policy mix, according to which the inflow cities of migrant workers should speed up the public service-centered hukou （household registration） system reform by starting with the land system reform in urban and suburban villages. First of all, farmers with local hukou in urban villages should be allowed to build houses to rent out to migrants. Secondly, the inefficiently used industrial land should be reallocated for residential and commercial usages to increase the residential land. Finally, in the rural areas dominated by the agricultural industry, attention should be paid to agricultural land consolidation before granting land property rights to farmers and the pilot program of the ＂zhedi （redeem） index＂-dominated land development right transaction, so as to achieve the synchronous development of new urbanization and the modernization of the agricultural sector and rural areas.