决策的加工过程及个体差异:模糊痕迹理论视角

Decision Making Processing and Individual Differences:The Perspective of Fuzzy-trace Theory

模糊痕迹理论是行为决策领域的重要解释理论,它认为个体在加工信息时存在字面加工和要义加工两种方式,在决策时个体更倾向于使用要义加工,而且这两种加工存在个体差异。决策的加工模型依据模糊痕迹理论提出,以框架效应和风险知觉为例对该模型进行解释。模糊痕迹理论通过分析加工方式的个体差异来解释决策的个体差异。未来研究应进一步比较模糊痕迹理论与其他理论,完善根据模糊痕迹理论提出的决策加工模型,并深入探索决策的个体差异。

Fuzzy-trace theory is an important theory in the field of behavioral decision making. It suggests there are two methods named verbatim processing and gist processing when people are processing information; people tend to use gist processing in decision making; there are individual differences between these two processing methods. According to the fuzzy-trace theory, the present paper raises a processing model of decision making which is explained by taking framing effect and risk perception as the example. What＇s more, the theory can also explain individual differences in decision making by analyzing individual differences between verbatim processing and gist processing. Finally, the deficiencies existing in current research and the directions for future research are discussed.