基于数据挖掘的风寒湿痹方剂用药规律研究

Comparative Analysis on Formula Composition Regularity for Arthralgia Caused by Wind, Cold and Dampness Based on Data Mining

目的探讨风痹、寒痹和湿痹方剂用药的配伍规律。方法筛选古籍中治疗风痹、寒痹和湿痹方剂,建立数据库,运用频次分析、假设检验与关联规则分析前30味高频药物,量化方剂性味归经并以此为变量对每类方剂进行聚类分析。结果共收集338首方剂,其中风痹122首、寒痹110首、湿痹106首。3类方剂中前30味高频药物中共有21味相同药物;均以补虚药使用频次最高,其次是风痹发散风寒药、寒痹温里药、湿痹渗湿化湿药。寒痹中肉桂、附子、当归、牛膝、羌活、芍药、黄芪和湿痹中茯苓、白术使用比例明显高于其他两类药物。3类方剂均以微温为主,其次是温、平。每类方剂按药性聚为5个主类时治则分类清晰。结论风、寒、湿痹3类方剂用药相互兼顾又各具特色,多种数据挖掘方法结合能够全面分析痹证治则治法的科学内涵。

Objective To compare and analyze the formula composition based on their herbal nature for wind, cold, and dampness arthralgia. Methods The ancient formulas for wind, cold, and dampness arthralgia were searched and the database was established. The top 30 high-frequency herbs were analyzed with frequency, hypothesis testing and association rules. The nature, taste, and meridian distribution were used as the variable quantities for clustering analysis. Results Totally 338 formulas were collected, including 122 formulas for wind arthralgia, 110 formulas for cold arthralgia, and 106 formulas for dampness arthralgia. There are 21 same herbs among the top 30 high-frequency herbs;Tonic herbs were the highest frequently used, followed by the divergence of cold herbs in wind arthralgia, interior-warming herbs in cold arthralgia, and damp-resolving herbs in dampness arthralgia. The frequently used herbs in each kind of formula compared with other two kinds were：Cinnamomi Cortex, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Notopterygii Rhizome et Radix, Paeoniae Radix and Astrragali Radix in formulas for cold arthralgia, Poria and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma in formulas for dampness arthralgia. Three kinds of formulas are given priority to slight warm, followed by warm and neutral. Classification is clear when most of the formulas were clustered into five classes according to their herbal nature in each kind of formula. Conclusion The three kinds of formulas cross each other but with own characteristics. A variety of data mining methods can be used to analyze scientific connotation of therapeutic principle for arthralgia.