舟山市市售不同种类海产品中重金属污染现状

Status for heavy metal contamination in different kinds of seafood from Zhoushan City

目的了解舟山市市售海水鱼类、软体类、甲壳类等海产品中铅、镉、甲基汞的残留现状并进行比较评价。方法选择舟山市所辖四县(区)内具有代表性农贸市场,购买海水鱼类、软体类和甲壳类3大类海产品共分别采集48种864份、17种306份、9种162份,测定铅、镉、甲基汞含量;3种海产品中重金属含量的比较采用单因素方差分析,选用Dunnett T3法进行组间比较。采用重金属单因子污染指数法和重金属含量综合评价指数法进行污染状况评价。结果海水鱼类铅、镉和甲基汞平均含量分别为0.166 7、0.008 3、0.031 3 mg/kg,软体类铅、镉和甲基汞平均含量分别为0.145 1、0.055 9、0.009 1 mg/kg;甲壳类铅、镉和甲基汞平均含量分别为0.063 6、0.053 7、0.015 4 mg/kg。结论舟山市的海产品总体处在清洁水平,仅极个别海水鱼类样品和甲壳类样品分别存在铅、镉和铅超标。

Objective To understand the status of lead,cadmium and methylmercury residue in seafood collected from Zhoushan City,meanwhile,make comparisons and evaluation. Methods The lead,cadmium and methylmercury residues in sea fish,mollusks and shellfish from Zhoushan City were detected using single variance analysis. Results The average content of lead,cadmium and methylmereury in sea fish were 0. 166 7,0. 008 3 and 0. 031 3 mg / kg,0. 145 1,0. 055 9and 0. 009 1 mg / kg in mollusks,and 0. 063 6,0. 053 7 and 0. 015 4 mg / kg in shellfish. The content of lead in sea fish was higher than that of the mollusks and shellfish,the content of cadmium in mollusks was higher than that of the shellfish and sea fish,the content of methylmercury in sea fish was higher than that of the shellfish and mollusks,and the differences were all significant（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Overall seafood of Zhoushan were qualified,only a few sea fish and shellfish samples exceeded the lead and cadmium limits.