春荒、荒政与新政权巩固——以1949-1952年的浙江海宁县为例

Spring Famine,Famine Policy and the Consolidation of a New Political Power——A Study Based on the cases in Haining County,Zhejiang Province

春荒常常被视为天灾,但它并非仅是自然力影响的结果 ,政治、经济等社会因素也不容忽视。尤其是发生在政权交替时期的春荒,直接关系到新政权的巩固与否。在新中国建立初期前后,浙江海宁县连续遭遇严重的春荒,使得中共在这一新解放区的基层政权面临严峻的挑战。新政权经过短暂的调适,接连出台一系列举措,在缓解灾情和生产自救的同时,巧妙地利用荒政、大生产运动达到巩固政权的目的,充分展现荒政背后蕴含的政治意图。

Spring famine is usually regarded as nature disaster. However, it is influenced not only by nature factor, but also by political, economical and social factors. Moreover, spring famine will affect the consolidation of a new political power when it occurs during the period of regime transition. After the founding of Haining County in Zhejiang Province met with serious spring famine constantly, which challenged the consolidation of the new political power at grass-roots level. Fortunately, the new government launched a series of effective policies of famine to solve the problem by self-help production projects called ＂large scale production campaign＂, which consolidated the new political power as well as alleviated the spring famine. The famine policies after the founding of PRC reflected special and meaningful political strategies during the period of regime transition.