41个肉用老南瓜品种主要植物学性状分析

The Main Botanical Character Analysis of 41 Meat Used Old Cucurbita moschata Varieties

为科学评价国内肉用老南瓜品种,对参展的41个肉用老南瓜品种的始花期、第一坐瓜节位、果长、把长、茎粗、节间长、最大叶纵横径、单果重、果肉厚、可溶性固形物含量等主要植物学性状进行了多样性、相关性和聚类分析。结果表明:41个肉用老南瓜品种在把长、单果重、果长、肉厚等性状上变异幅度较大,在始花期性状上变异幅度较小;各性状之间均存在显著或者极显著的相关性。聚类分析表明41个老南瓜品种可以分为3组,其中第1组在多个性状上优于第2、3组群,但各组间及组内品种间的相似性较高。研究结果为老南瓜育种的优良性状选择和亲本选用提供了依据。

In order to scientifically evaluate the meat used old Cucurbita moschata varieties, the authorsstudied the diversity, correlation and the cluster analysis of major botanical characters of 41 exhibitorsvarieties, including the traits of flowering, the first section, the length of the fruit lower part, fruit length, stemdiameter, internode length, the maximum leaf diameter and longitudinal diameter, fruit weight, flesh thickness,soluble solids content and so on. The results showed that the variations of the length of the fruit lower part, fruitweight, fruit length and flesh thickness were larger, the variation of flowering trait was smaller; there weresignificant or highly significant correlations between the traits. Cluster analysis showed that 41 old Cucurbita moschata varieties could be divided into 3 groups, multiple traits of the first group was better than that of theother two groups, and higher similarities were found among groups and varieties within each group. Thisresearch provided the basis for selecting excellent breeding traits and the parents for hybrids.